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API 5L Seamless&Welded Line Pipe

Standards scope

ANSI / API 5L specifies the manufacture of two product levels (PSL1 and PSL2) of seamless and welded steel pipe for the use of a pipeline in the transportation of petroleum and natural gas.

Note:Pipe manufactured to ASTM106 Grade A or B are not interchange with API 5L. Requirements to API 5L X grades are more stringent; rolled grades are not acceptable and rework is not allowed. Moreover, particular attention is given to toughness and toughness tests for sour services and higher pressure & temperature classes.

The Types API 5L Seamless and Welded pipe

Seamless Type: Including hot rolled seamless for pipe diameter above 3 inch, cold rolled seamless below 3 inch.

ERW Welded Type: Electric Resistance Welded, for pipe diameter below 24 inch.

LSAW Type: Longitudinal Sub-merged Arc Welding, for pipe OD 20 inch to 48 inch. LSAW also called JCOE, it means pipe manufacturing shapes from J shape, C shape, O shape, and then cold expanding.

SSAW/HSAW Type: Spiral Sub-merged Arc Welding or Helical SAW, for pipe OD up to 100 inch

Process

Ingots, blooms, billets, coils or plates used for the manufacture of pipe shall be made via basic oxygen, electric furnace or open hearth in combination with a ladle refining process. for PSL2, the steel shall be killed and melted according to a fine grain practice. Coil or plate used for PSL2 pipe shall not contain any repair welds.

The main advantages of API 5L pipe

(1)Resistance to cracking forces that may propagate in long pipelines

(2)Sour service suitability

(3)Rather inexpensive and long service life (at least grades B, X42)

API 5L PIPE SCHEDULE CHART

NPS *(in)*	Outside Diameter *(in)*	API 5l Pipe Schedule
		SCH 10	SCH 20	SCH 30	SCH STD	SCH 40	SCH 60	SCH XS	SCH 80	SCH 100	SCH 120	SCH 140	SCH 160	SCH XXS
		Wall Thickness *(in)*
1/8	0.405				0.068	0.068		0.095	0.095
1/4	0.540				0.088	0.088		0.119	0.119
3/8	0.675				0.091	0.091		0.126	0.126
1/2	0.840				0.109	0.109		0.147	0.147				0.187	0.294
3/4	1.050				0.113	0.113		0.154	0.154				0.219	0.308
1	1.315				0.133	0.133		0.179	0.179				0.250	0.358
1 1/4	1.660				0.140	0.140		0.191	0.191				0.250	0.382
1 1/2	1.900				0.145	0.145		0.200	0.200				0.281	0.400
2	2.375				0.154	0.154		0.218	0.218				0.344	0.436
2 1/2	2.875				0.203	0.203		0.276	0.276				0.375	0.552
3	3.500				0.216	0.216		0.300	0.300				0.438	0.600
3 1/2	4.000				0.226	0.226		0.318	0.318
4	4.500				0.237	0.237		0.337	0.337		0.438		0.531	0.674
5	5.563				0.258	0.258		0.375	0.375		0.500		0.625	0.750
6	6.625				0.280	0.280		0.432	0.432		0.562		0.719	0.864
8	8.625		0.250	0.277	0.322	0.322	0.406	0.500	0.500	0.594	0.719	0.812	0.906	0.875
10	10.750		0.250	0.307	0.365	0.365	0.500	0.500	0.594	0.719	0.844	1.000	1.125	1.000
12	12.750		0.250	0.330	0.375	0.406	0.562	0.500	0.688	0.844	1.000	1.125	1.312	1.000
14	14.000	0.250	0.312	0.375	0.375	0.438	0.594	0.500	0.750	0.938	1.094	1.250	1.406
16	16.000	0.250	0.312	0.375	0.375	0.500	0.656	0.500	0.844	1.031	1.219	1.438	1.594
18	18.000	0.250	0.312	0.438	0.375	0.562	0.750	0.500	0.938	1.156	1.375	1.562	1.781
20	20.000	0.250	0.375	0.500	0.375	0.594	0.812	0.500	1.031	1.281	1.500	1.750	1.969
22	22.000	0.250	0.375	0.500	0.375		0.875	0.500	1.125	1.375	1.625	1.875	2.125
24	24.000	0.250	0.375	0.562	0.375	0.688	0.969	0.500	1.219	1.531	1.812	2.062	2.344
30	30.000	0.312	0.500	0.625	0.375			0.500
32	32.000	0.312	0.500	0.625	0.375	0.688
34	34.000	0.312	0.500	0.625	0.375	0.688
36	36.000	0.312	0.500	0.625	0.375	0.750
42	42.000		0.500	0.625	0.375	0.750

API 5l Pipe Coating Standard:

(1)ANSI/AWWA C104/A21.4 American National Standard for Cement-Mortar Lining for Ductile-Iron Pipe and Fittings for Water

(2)ISO 21809 Petroleum and natural gas industries — External coatings for buried or submerged pipelines used in pipeline transportation systems

(3)DIN 30670 Polyethylen coatings of steel pipes and fittings

Difference between API 5L PSL-1 and PSL-2 pipe( Main differ in chemical composition and test requirements)

API 5l Pipe Coating Type	API 5l Pipe Coating Layer	API 5l Pipe Coating thickness
Three layers polyethylene	Inside layer: epoxy (Green)	2.0 -4.5mm
	Mid layer: adhensive (White)
	Outsidelayer:polyethylene (Black)
Two layers polyethylene	Inside layer: adhensive	2.0 -4.5mm
	Outside layer: polythene
Epoxy	Epoxy	200-400um
Two layers epoxy	Inside layer: expoxy (Green)	400-800um
	Outside layer:intensity epoxy (sage green)
Three layers polyethylene	Inside layer: expoxy (Green)	2.5 -3mm

Difference between API 5L PSL-1 and PSL-2 pipe( Main differ in chemical composition and test requirements)

PSL	Delivery Condition	Pipe grade
PSL1	As-rolled, normalized, normalizing formed	A
	As-rolled, normalizing rolled, thermomechanical rolled, thermo-mechanical formed, normalizing formed, normalized, normalized and tempered or if agreed Q&T SMLS only	B
	As-rolled, normalizing rolled, thermomechanical rolled, thermo-mechanical formed, normalizing formed, normalized, normalized and tempered	X42, X46, X52, X56, X60, X65, X70
PSL 2	As-rolled	BR, X42R
	Normalizing rolled, normalizing formed, normalized or normalized and tempered	BN, X42N, X46N, X52N, X56N, X60N
	Quenched and tempered	BQ, X42Q, X46Q, X56Q, X60Q, X65Q, X70Q, X80Q, X90Q, X100Q
	Thermomechanical rolled or thermomechanical formed	BM, X42M, X46M, X56M, X60M, X65M, X70M, X80M
	Thermomechanical rolled	X90M, X100M, X120M
	The suffice (R, N, Q or M) for PSL2 grades, belongs to the steel grade

Steel Grade&Chemical Composition for PSL 1 pipe

Steel Grade	Mass fraction, % based on heat and product analyses a,g
	C	Mn	P	S	V	Nb	Ti
	max b	max b	max	max	max	max	max
Seamless Pipe
A	0.22	0.9	0.3	0.3	–	–	–
B	0.28	1.2	0.3	0.3	c,d	c,d	d
X42	0.28	1.3	0.3	0.3	d	d	d
X46	0.28	1.4	0.3	0.3	d	d	d
X52	0.28	1.4	0.3	0.3	d	d	d
X56	0.28	1.4	0.3	0.3	d	d	d
X60	0.28 e	1.40 e	0.3	0.3	f	f	f
X65	0.28 e	1.40 e	0.3	0.3	f	f	f
X70	0.28 e	1.40 e	0.3	0.3	f	f	f
Welded Pipe
A	0.22	0.9	0.3	0.3	–	–	–
B	0.26	1.2	0.3	0.3	c,d	c,d	d
X42	0.26	1.3	0.3	0.3	d	d	d
X46	0.26	1.4	0.3	0.3	d	d	d
X52	0.26	1.4	0.3	0.3	d	d	d
X56	0.26	1.4	0.3	0.3	d	d	d
X60	0.26 e	1.40 e	0.3	0.3	f	f	f
X65	0.26 e	1.45 e	0.3	0.3	f	f	f
X70	0.26e	1.65 e	0.3	0.3	f	f	f
a. Cu ≤ = 0.50% Ni; ≤ 0.50%; Cr ≤ 0.50%; and Mo ≤ 0.15%, b. For each reduction of 0.01% below the specified max. concentration for carbon, and increase of 0.05% above the specified max. concentration for Mn is permissible, up to a max. of 1.65% for grades ≥ B, but ≤ = X52; up to a max. of 1.75% for grades > X52, but < X70; and up to a maximum of 2.00% for X70., c. Unless otherwise agreed NB + V ≤ 0.06%, d. Nb + V + TI ≤ 0.15%, e. Unless otherwise agreed., f. Unless otherwise agreed, NB + V = Ti ≤ 0.15%, g. No deliberate addition of B is permitted and the residual B ≤ 0.001%

Steel Grade&Chemical Composition for PSL 2 pipe

Steel Grade	Mass fraction, % based on heat and product analyses																	Carbon Equiv a
	C		Si		Mn		P		S		V		Nb		Ti		Other	CE IIW	CE Pcm
	max b		max		max b		max		max		max		max		max			max	max
Seamless and Welded Pipe
BR	0.24		0.4		1.2		0.025		0.015		c		c		0.04		e,l	0.043	0.25
X42R	0.24		0.4		1.2		0.025		0.015		0.06		0.05		0.04		e,l	0.043	0.25
BN	0.24		0.4		1.2		0.025		0.015		c		c		0.04		e,l	0.043	0.25
X42N	0.24		0.4		1.2		0.025		0.015		0.06		0.05		0.04		e,l	0.043	0.25
X46N	0.24		0.4		1.4		0.025		0.015		0.07		0.05		0.04		d,e,l	0.043	0.25
X52N	0.24		0.45		1.4		0.025		0.015		0.1		0.05		0.04		d,e,l	0.043	0.25
X56N	0.24		0.45		1.4		0.025		0.015		0.10f		0.05		0.04		d,e,l	0.043	0.25
X60N	0.24f		0.45f		1.40f		0.025		0.015		0.10f		0.05f		0.04f		g,h,l	As agreed
BQ	0.18		0.45		1.4		0.025		0.015		0.05		0.05		0.04		e,l	0.043	0.25
X42Q	0.18		0.45		1.4		0.025		0.015		0.05		0.05		0.04		e,l	0.043	0.25
X46Q	0.18		0.45		1.4		0.025		0.015		0.05		0.05		0.04		e,l	0.043	0.25
X52Q	0.18		0.45		1.5		0.025		0.015		0.05		0.05		0.04		e,l	0.043	0.25
X56Q	0.18		0.45f		1.5		0.025		0.015		0.07		0.05		0.04		e,l	0.043	0.25
X60Q	0.18f		0.45f		1.70f		0.025		0.015		g		g		g		h,l	0.043	0.25
X65Q	0.18f		0.45f		1.70f		0.025		0.015		g		g		g		h,l	0.043	0.25
X70Q	0.18f		0.45f		1.80f		0.025		0.015		g		g		g		h,l	0.043	0.25
X80Q	0.18f		0.45f		1.90f		0.025		0.015		g		g		g		i,j	As agreed
X90Q	0.16f		0.45f		1.9		0.02		0.01		g		g		g		j,k	As agreed
X100Q	0.16f		0.45f		1.9		0.02		0.01		g		g		g		j,k	As agreed
Welded Pipe
BM		0.22		0.45		1.2		0.025		0.015		0.05		0.05		0.04	e,l	0.043	0.25
X42M		0.22		0.45		1.3		0.025		0.015		0.05		0.05		0.04	e,l	0.043	0.25
X46M		0.22		0.45		1.3		0.025		0.015		0.05		0.05		0.04	e,l	0.043	0.25
X52M		0.22		0.45		1.4		0.025		0.015		d		d		d	e,l	0.043	0.25
X56M		0.22		0.45f		1.4		0.025		0.015		d		d		d	e,l	0.043	0.25
X60M		0.12f		0.45f		1.60f		0.025		0.015		g		g		g	h,l	0.043	0.25
X65M		0.12f		0.45f		1.60f		0.025		0.015		g		g		g	h,l	0.043	0.25
X70M		0.12f		0.45f		1.70f		0.025		0.015		g		g		g	h,l	0.043	0.25
X80M		0.12f		0.45f		1.85f		0.025		0.015		g		g		g	i,j	.043f	0.25
X90M		0.1		0.55f		2.10f		0.02		0.01		g		g		g	i,j	–	0.25
X100M		0.1		0.55f		2.10f		0.02		0.01		g		g		g	i,j	–	0.25
a. SMLS t>0.787”, CE limits shall be as agreed. The CEIIW limits applied fi C > 0.12% and the CEPcm limits apply if C ≤ 0.12%, b. For each reduction of 0.01% below the specified max. concentration for carbon, and increase of 0.05% above the specified max. concentration for Mn is permissible, up to a max. of 1.65% for grades ≥ B, but ≤ = X52; up to a max. of 1.75% for grades > X52, but < X70; and up to a maximum of 2.00% for X70., c. Unless otherwise agreed Nb = V ≤ 0.06%, d. Nb = V = Ti ≤ 0.15%, e. Unless otherwise agreed, Cu ≤ 0.50%; Ni ≤ 0.30% Cr ≤ 0.30% and Mo ≤ 0.15%, f. Unless otherwise agreed, g. Unless otherwise agreed, Nb + V + Ti ≤ 0.15%, h. Unless otherwise agreed, Cu ≤ 0.50% Ni ≤ 0.50% Cr ≤ 0.50% and MO ≤ 0.50%, i. Unless otherwise agreed, Cu ≤ 0.50% Ni ≤ 1.00% Cr ≤ 0.50% and MO ≤ 0.50%, j. B ≤ 0.004%, k. Unless otherwise agreed, Cu ≤ 0.50% Ni ≤ 1.00% Cr ≤ 0.55% and MO ≤ 0.80%, l. For all PSL 2 pipe grades except those grades with footnotes j noted, the following applies. Unless otherwise agreed no intentional addition of B is permitted and residual B ≤ 0.001% .

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